Mathematics Patterns Relations and Functions Grade 8

Grade 8 In the Area of: Patterns, Relations, & Functions
1	Outcome (The student will...)	Instructional Strategies (The teacher may...)	Learning Activities (The student may...)	Assessment	Extension (The student will...)	Resources
	Define variable, expression and equation.	Present each term within a sentence. Ask students to define and give examples of. Prepare wall charts as memory aids as necessary.	Write journal entry independently explaining each term and give examples.	Correct definitions or explanations. appropriate examples.	When were variables first used? Research history&emdash; tell why they are important.	- Math text. - Math journals.
Grade 8 In the Area of: Patterns, Relations, & Functions
2	Outcome (The student will...)	Instructional Strategies (The teacher may...)	Learning Activities (The student may...)	Assessment	Extension (The student will...)	Resources
	Generalize patterns found in the areas and perimeters of polygons.	Invite students to determine cost of redecorating their room, including carpet, 2 coats of paint and use wallpaper in some way.	Draw room to scale on graph paper each wall including windows and doors. Include price lists for materials, overall play (supplies as well) and tax.	Teacher-generated rubric: reasoning, calculation, composition.	Use Cuisenaire rods to create a model of a tower or skyscraper having uneven roof. Draw on graph paper side, front, back, and top views. Color as rods are. Calculate total surface area.	- Cuisenaire Rods. - cm graph paper. - Ads from paint, wallpaper, hardware stores.
Grade 8 In the Area of: Patterns, Relations, & Functions
3	Outcome (The student will...)	Instructional Strategies (The teacher may...)	Learning Activities (The student may...)	Assessment	Extension (The student will...)	Resources
	Describe and diagram geometric numbers and their patterns.	Demonstrate how to apply Pascal's triangle to find probabilities when there are 2 equally likely outcomes for each event.	Use Pascal's Triangle to devise a rule for nth row.	Student displays figurate numbers and explains how to predict the next number in the sequence.	- Research and report on the "Sierpinski triangle." - Prepare illustration - use color to show patterns.	- Internet - "Fractal" - Mathematics - An Interactive Approach, Prentice-Hall, p. 370. - Math text. - NCTM Addenda Series: Geometry in the Middle Grades.
Grade 8 In the Area of: Patterns, Relations, & Functions
4	Outcome (The student will...)	Instructional Strategies (The teacher may...)	Learning Activities (The student may...)	Assessment	Extension (The student will...)	Resources
	Use invented and standard symbols to explain function relations.	Prepare task cards for small group: cylinder, rectangular, prism, sphere, cone, pyramid.	Work in small groups to find out what happens to the volume of assigned figure when you triple each of the dimensions. Prepare presentation to explain. Use invested and/or standard symbols to explain.	- Appropriate formulas. - Accurate representation of relations.	Prepare a visual graphic explaining symbols for functions, relations.	Math text.
Grade 8 In the Area of: Patterns, Relations, & Functions
5	Outcome (The student will...)	Instructional Strategies (The teacher may...)	Learning Activities (The student may...)	Assessment	Extension (The student will...)	Resources
	Use tables, graphs and equations to solve problems involving exponential growth and decay, simple and compound interest.	Explain differences between simple and compound interest. Demonstrate computer spreadsheet software.	- Work in small groups to create 2 spreadsheets - one for simple, the other compound interest for $200, 5% quarterly for 2 years. Share results. - Cricket on the Number Line activity pp.34-35 from NCTM Addenda Series: Patterns & Functions.	Written comparison of 2 kinds of interest.	- Research employment outlook. - Prepare presentation sharing % change for various occupations between 1990-2010.	- Internet. - Bureau of Statistics. - Calculator. - Computer spreadsheet software. - NCTM Addenda Series: Patterns & Functions.
Grade 8 In the Area of: Patterns, Relations, & Functions
6	Outcome (The student will...)	Instructional Strategies (The teacher may...)	Learning Activities (The student may...)	Assessment	Extension (The student will...)	Resources
	Demonstrate an understanding of right triangle relations.	Introduce sine, cosine, ratios. Demonstrate how to use similar triangles to solve problems.	Work in small groups to solve the Right Angle problem Unit 3 of The Adventures of Jasper Woodbury video disk.	- Sound reasoning. - Accurate calculation.	Research trigonometery; compare trig tables to caculator.	- Math text. - The Adventures of Jasper Woodbury (video disk).
Grade 8 In the Area of: Patterns, Relations, & Functions
7	Outcome (The student will...)	Instructional Strategies (The teacher may...)	Learning Activities (The student may...)	Assessment	Extension (The student will...)	Resources
	Explain how functional relationships can be used to predict variations.	Challenge students to find out how many different passenger license plates are possible? (In Massachusetts, there are 3 numbers, followed by 3 letters).	- Research the "counting principle" and apply to the problem as appropriate. - Explain reasoning process. Justify answer.	Sound reasoning.	Describe differences in license plate system provided more outcomes such as 4 letters or 7 digits.