Mathematics Frameworks
STANDARDS -- ESTIMATION AND COMPUTATION
Estimation (NCTM Standard 5)
In grades K-4, the curriculum shall include estimation so students will:
| explore estimation strategies;
| recognize when an estimate is appropriate;
| determine the reasonableness of results;
| apply estimation in working with quantities, measurement, computation, and
problem solving. | |
Whole Number Computation (NCTM Standard 8)
In grades K-4 the mathematics curriculum shall develop whole number computation so that students will:
| model, explain, and develop reasonable proficiency with basic facts and
algorithms;
| use a variety of mental computation and estimation techniques;
| use calculators in appropriate computational situations;
| select and use computation techniques appropriate to specific problems and
determine whether the results are reasonable. | |
STANDARDS -- ESTIMATION AND COMPUTATION
Computation and Estimation (NCTM Standard 7)
In grades 5-8, the mathematics curriculum shall develop the concepts underlying computation and estimation in various contexts so that students will:
| compute with whole numbers, fractions, decimals, integers, and rational
numbers;
| develop, analyze, and explain procedures for computation and techniques
for estimation;
| develop, analyze, and explain methods for solving proportions;
| select and use an appropriate method for computing from among mental
arithmetic, paper-and-pencil, calculator, and computer methods;
| use computation, estimation, and proportions to solve problems;
| use estimation to check the reasonableness of results. | |
Although NCTM Standards do not specifically reference estimation and computation standards for grades 9-12, these skills are necessary components of the mathematics curriculum in grades 9-12. Standards noted above for grades 5-8 should be extended and reinforced throughout the grades 9-12 curriculum.
ADULT BASIC EDUCATION -- ESTIMATION AND COMPUTATION
Estimation (ABE Standard 5)
In the adult basic education classroom, curriculum design shall include approaches to teaching estimation which allow the learner to:
| explore and develop the concepts underlying a variety of estimation
techniques and strategies for whole numbers, fractions, decimals, and
percents;
| recognize when an estimate is appropriate and useful in real-life
situations and the role estimation plays in adult life;
| apply estimation techniques in working with quantities, measurement,
computation, problem solving, and in workplace and test situations;
| use estimation to check the reasonableness of results. | |
Go to Standard I Mathematics as Problem Solving
Go to Standard II Mathematics as Communication
Go to Standard III Mathematics as Reasoning
Go to Standard IV Mathematical Connections
Go to Standard V Number and Number System Standards
Go to Standard VII Patterns, Relations, and Functions
Go to Standard VIII Geometry and Measurement
Go to Standard IX Statistics and Probability
Return to Mathematics Curriculum Frameworks