Mathematics Statistics and Probability Grade 8

Grade 8 In the Area of: Statistics & Probability
1	Outcome (The student will...)	Instructional Strategies (The teacher may...)	Learning Activities (The student may...)	Assessment	Extension (The student will...)	Resources
	Make inferences, present and evaluate arguments based on the analysis of data presented in graphs, charts, and diagrams.	Invite students to help determine best chipper on golf team. Provides table of results of 10 chips for each of 3 golfers: Golfer 1: 40, 60, 100, 120, 312, 320, 152, 105, 95, 46 Golfer 2: 52, 76, 184, 288, 230,120, 64, 60, 88, 188 Golfer 3: 84, 99, 130, 135, 200, 165, 120, 129, 136, 152 inches from cup.	Work in small group to present data justify selection of one who was close and consistent. Include representation of data.	Sound reasoning; judgments that are justified by data.	Make list of personal water uses. Estimate quantity of water in each category (based on sampling) in one day. Calculate approximate total amount of water used in one year. Present data. Explain significance/correlate to science concepts.	- Teacher-prepared worksheet. - Paper, etc. for graphs, charts, etc.
Grade 8 In the Area of: Statistics & Probability
2	Outcome (The student will...)	Instructional Strategies (The teacher may...)	Learning Activities (The student may...)	Assessment	Extension (The student will...)	Resources
	Solve application problems using various graphs, charts and diagrams.	Introduce the Monte Carlo simulation. "A candy company decides to promote its candy with a photo of one of 6 rock stars on each pack." How many packs would you expect to buy to get all 6 photos?	Run trials with dice or drawing from hat and record number of tries to get all 6. Data is combined, create frequency distribution. Find range, mode, median, mean.	Written essay, express idea how to get more accurate estimates, more trials.	Use appropriate visual representations to explain the probability of getting all heads when 3 coins are tossed. Share with appropriate audience.	- 6 slips of paper. - Hats. - Dice. - 6 section spinners.
Grade 8 In the Area of: Statistics & Probability
3	Outcome (The student will...)	Instructional Strategies (The teacher may...)	Learning Activities (The student may...)	Assessment	Extension (The student will...)	Resources
	Predict and describe misuses of statistical and numerical information.	Share with class examples of misleading or misuses of statistical and numerical information gleaned from newspapers, periodicals. Ask students to describe how and why they are misleading.	Work in small groups to list 5 ways data can be manipulated to support invalid conclusions. Share in class.		Research CPI, choose one product to service. Find % increase or decrease in cost of product/service for the past 10 years. Create 2 representations of data - one accurate and one misleading. Share.	Consumer Price Index.
Grade 8 In the Area of: Statistics & Probability
4	Outcome (The student will...)	Instructional Strategies (The teacher may...)	Learning Activities (The student may...)	Assessment	Extension (The student will...)	Resources
	Demonstrate probabilities through concrete models.	Play Montana Red Dog with an oversize deck of cards - jokers removed. The object of the game is to have students predict whether or not one of the cards from their 4 card hand can beat the card that the teacher will turn up. To gain points students' cards must be higher and in same suit as teacher's.	Working in groups of 2-3 (10 groups in all). Groups look only at their own cards. Each group will get a turn at trying to beat a different card from teacher's file.		- Choose lottery or sweepstakes. Research information related to winning. Prepare presentation to share assessment of lottery and probability of winning. - Take a Statistical Stand activities.	- NCTM Addenda Series Gr. 5-8. - Data & Chance, Pg. 41-45. - Teacher-made table of cards in deck. - Zounds!, p.101.
Grade 8 In the Area of: Statistics & Probability
5	Outcome (The student will...)	Instructional Strategies (The teacher may...)	Learning Activities (The student may...)	Assessment	Extension (The student will...)	Resources
	Justify application problems of mean, median, mode, range.	- Introduce independent research project. Set parameters. - Collate data from Day 1. Give to students to find central tendencies, range, etc.	Research in Sunday newspaper ads cast for vehicle of their choice (new, used). One that is best buy for their needs. (Should determine features before looking in newspaper ads. Record costs, age, type of vehicle, features).	Accurate calculation of mean, mode, median, and range.	Discuss how stem-and-leaf displays are useful, give examples.	- Calculators. - Math text
Grade 8 In the Area of: Statistics & Probability
6	Outcome (The student will...)	Instructional Strategies (The teacher may...)	Learning Activities (The student may...)	Assessment	Extension (The student will...)	Resources
	Make predictions based on theoretical or experimental probabilities.	Introduce the Locker Madness problem as a challenge to students predicting abilities: In a school with 100 students, there are 100 lockers numbered 1 to 100. Joey walks down the hall and opens all the lockers. Ivan closes all the lockers with even numbers. The, Jamal changes the position of all lockers that are numbered with a multiple of 3.	Work in small groups to solve this problem. If this pattern continues for all 100 students, which lockers will remain open after the 100th student walks down the hall? Explain reasoning.	Explanation/demonstrates understanding of function, generalized patterns. Organized information in table and made justified, logical statements.	- Design a probability booth for school/town fair. Explain why it would be fun to play, its price, how much would it pay in prizes and its profits expected for 500 participants. - The Third Lie.	- Math text. - Zounds!, p.101.